Peptide Research Database

Search, filter by category, and compare key research attributes.

104+ peptides7 categoriesUpdated regularly
Fat LossLongevityExperimental

Fat Loss • Small Molecule / Metabolic • Experimental

Small-molecule NNMT inhibitor marketed as 5-Amino-1MQ for metabolic research; supports NAD+ elevation and fat oxidation.

Mechanism: Inhibits NNMT to elevate NAD+, enhance fat oxidation, imp…

Half-life: 3.8-6.9 hours

MW: 286.11 g/mol

FDA-approved

Increased bone mineral density • Reduced vertebral and nonvertebral fractures

Mechanism: Agonist at PTH receptor type 1, activates cAMP signaling,…

Half-life: ~1–1.7 hours

MW: 3961.6 g/mol

Cosmetic active / Research-only

Reduces expression wrinkles • Improves skin texture

Mechanism: Mimics SNAP-25, inhibits SNARE complex formation, reduces…

Half-life: Topical; systemic PK not established

MW:

Cosmetic active / Research-only

Up to 38% wrinkle reduction • Relaxes facial muscles

Mechanism: Extended SNAP-25 mimetic, inhibits neurotransmitter relea…

Half-life: Topical; systemic PK not established

MW: ≈1075.2 g/mol

CognitiveExperimental

Cognitive • Synthetic Peptide / Nootropic Research • Experimental

Adamax is a synthetic adamantane modified Semax analog researched for neurotrophic signaling, cognitive pathway modulation, and improved peptide stability compared with standard Semax.

Mechanism: Proposed to act as a modified Semax analog with enhanced …

Half-life: Not established; designed for improved stability compared with Semax

MW: ≈1033 g/mol

FDA-approved

Increases pain-free sun exposure in EPP • Reduces phototoxic reactions

Mechanism: Binds MC1-R, increases eumelanin production, provides pho…

Half-life: ~30 minutes (plasma); ~15 h (from implant)

MW: 1646.9 g/mol

Research-only

Cardioprotection • Anti-hypertension

Mechanism: Activates ACE2/Ang1-7/Mas axis, vasodilation, anti-fibros…

Half-life: Short; orally active analog tested in rodents

MW: 902.0 g/mol

Fat LossExperimental

Fat Loss • Performance / Research-only • Experimental

Synthetic GH fragment promoting lipolysis; GRAS status but unapproved for therapy.

Mechanism: Selective lipolysis stimulation without IGF-1/glucose imp…

Half-life: ~20-30 minutes

MW: 1815.1 g/mol

Fat LossExperimental

Fat Loss • Synthetic Peptide / Tissue Protective (Investigational)

ARA 290, also known as cibinetide, is an 11 amino acid peptide derived from erythropoietin helix B that selectively activates the innate repair receptor to promote anti inflammatory and tissue protective signaling without erythropoietic stimulation.

Mechanism: Selective agonist of the innate repair receptor complex; …

Half-life: Short plasma half life (reported minutes; tissue protective signaling persists longer in models)

MW: ≈1257 g/mol

Research-only

Reduces fibrosis • Cardioprotection

Mechanism: RXFP1 agonist, activates ERK1/2, upregulates MMPs, anti-f…

Half-life: Short; stabilized vs native relaxin-2

MW: ≈5000 g/mol

Fat LossExperimental

Fat Loss • Small Molecule / Metabolic (Mitochondrial Uncoupler) • Experimental

BAM15 is a synthetic small-molecule mitochondrial protonophore uncoupler used as a research tool to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation and increase mitochondrial respiration without reported plasma membrane depolarization in referenced studies.

Mechanism: Acts as a protonophore to uncouple oxidative phosphorylat…

Half-life: Not established (limited public PK; primarily preclinical/in vitro characterization)

MW: 340.29 g/mol

CognitiveExperimental

Cognitive • Cognitive Enhancement / Neurotrophic Peptide • Experimental

CNTF analog for BDNF research in cognition.

Mechanism: BDNF upregulation, LTP enhancement.

Half-life: 1–2 hours

MW: ~1,800 g/mol

FDA-approved

Anticoagulation during PCI • Alternative for HIT

Mechanism: Binds catalytic site and exosite of thrombin, inhibits cl…

Half-life: ~25 minutes (normal renal function)

MW: 2180.3 g/mol

Experimental

Experimental • Healing / Regenerative • Experimental

Regenerative peptide for tissue repair and inflammation; banned in sports.

Mechanism: Promotes angiogenesis, collagen synthesis, and mucosal re…

Half-life: ~30 minutes to 4 hours

MW: 1419.5 g/mol

FDA-approved

Increased sexual desire in premenopausal women with HSDD • Improved sexual satisfaction

Mechanism: Bremelanotide (PT-141) is a synthetic melanocortin recept…

Half-life: ~2.7 hours

MW: 1025.2 g/mol

Bioregulator / Research-only

Lung tissue support • Anti-degeneration

Mechanism: Chromatin remodeling, gene regulation in bronchial cells.

Half-life: Not established (small tripeptide)

MW: 391.39 g/mol

Fat Loss

Fat Loss • Weight Loss / Metabolic

Long-acting amylin agonist for weight loss; in Phase 3 trials.

Mechanism: Amylin agonism for satiety, gastric delay.

Half-life: ~6–7 days

MW: ~4749 g/mol

Experimental

Experimental • Short Peptide Bioregulator (Research) • Experimental

Cardiogen is a short peptide bioregulator complex studied in cardiac tissue research for potential gene expression modulation and myocardial cellular support.

Mechanism: Proposed to modulate gene expression in cardiac tissue ce…

Half-life: Not established (limited PK data; primarily research context)

MW: Low molecular weight peptide fraction

Experimental

Experimental • Bioregulator / Research-only • Experimental

Cartilage bioregulator for joint longevity; Russian research.

Mechanism: Modulates fibroblast gene expression, inhibits MMP-9.

Half-life: Short (hours)

MW: 317.3 g/mol

Experimental

Experimental • Neurotrophic Peptide Complex • Experimental

Neuroprotection • Cognitive recovery

Mechanism: Mimics neurotrophic factors, neuroprotection, regeneratio…

Bioregulator / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Not established

MW: 408.47 g/mol

Muscle/RecoveryLongevityExperimental

Muscle/Recovery • Growth Hormone Releasing • Experimental

Increased GH release • Improved sleep

Mechanism: Stimulates pituitary GH release via cAMP pathway.

Half-life: ~8 hours

MW: 3367.8 g/mol

Research-only

Pulsatile GH release • Muscle growth

Mechanism: Stimulates pituitary GH release via cAMP, short-acting pu…

Half-life: Short (hours) vs DAC variant

MW: ≈3368 g/mol

Muscle/RecoveryExperimental

Muscle/Recovery • Performance / Recovery • Experimental

Synergistic GHRH/GHRP blend for pulsatile GH.

Mechanism: Synergistic GH stimulation.

Half-life: CJC: ~30 min; Ipa: ~2 hours

MW: Varies

Compounding / Research-only

Sustained GH elevation • Anti-aging

Mechanism: Stimulates pituitary GH release via cAMP, extended by DAC.

Half-life: ~6–8 days (albumin binding via DAC; human studies)

MW: ≈3647 g/mol

CognitiveExperimental

Cognitive • Neuro / Nootropic (peptide complex) • Experimental

Neurological recovery • Anti-inflammatory

Mechanism: Neuroprotection, anti-inflammation, neurotrophic effects.

Clinical trial

Weight loss • Glycemic control

Mechanism: Dual agonism for glucose control and weight loss.

Half-life: ~13 hours (sc) in human PK models

MW:

Bioregulator / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Not established

MW: 393.39 g/mol

Muscle/RecoveryExperimental

Muscle/Recovery • Sleep / Research-only • Experimental

Neuropeptide for sleep induction and stress modulation.

Mechanism: Promotes delta sleep, suppresses cortisol.

Half-life: ~7-15 minutes

MW: 848.81 g/mol

CognitiveExperimental

Cognitive • Small Molecule / Neuro • Experimental

Angiotensin-IV–derived peptidomimetic studied preclinically for synaptogenic/neurotrophic signaling (research-only).

Mechanism: Putative HGF/c-Met pathway modulator; investigated for co…

MW: 504.70 g/mol

Cosmetic active / Research-only

Wrinkle reduction • Skin smoothing

Mechanism: Blocks acetylcholine receptors, reduces muscle contraction.

Half-life: Topical; systemic PK not established

MW:

Experimental

Experimental • Clinical trial / Longevity research

Mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide (SS-31) investigated for mitochondrial dysfunction conditions.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: ~4–5 h (iv) in human studies

MW: 627.8 g/mol

FDA-approved

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: ~3.8 hours (sc)

MW: 4491.4 g/mol

LongevityExperimental

Longevity • Anti-Aging / Research-only • Experimental

Pineal tetrapeptide for telomere and melatonin research.

Mechanism: Telomerase activation, melatonin regulation.

Half-life: Short (~10 min)

MW: 390.35 g/mol

Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Varies; protein biologic

MW: ≈38–40 kDa (glycosylation dependent)

Longevity / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Experimental; not established

MW:

Performance / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Short (minutes–hours; animal PK)

MW: ≈1729 g/mol

Cosmetic

Cosmetic • Regenerative / Skin-Hair

Associated with collagen/elastin synthesis, angiogenesis, antioxidant actions.

Mechanism: Associated with collagen/elastin synthesis, angiogenesis,…

MW: 403.92 g/mol

Compounding / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Short; both ~1–2 h combined activity

MW: Mixture

Growth Hormone Releasing

GH release • Increased appetite

Mechanism: Stimulates GH release and increases appetite.

Half-life: ~30 minutes

MW: 873.0 g/mol

Muscle/RecoveryCosmeticExperimental

Muscle/Recovery • Regenerative-Cosmetic Blend • Experimental

Blend for cosmetic and regenerative research.

Mechanism: Collagen, inflammation, repair synergy.

Half-life: Varies by component

MW: Varies

Cosmetic

Cosmetic • Endogenous Tripeptide / Antioxidant

Endogenous tripeptide antioxidant (GSH) central to cellular redox balance and detoxification; widely researched for oxidative stress and liver support.

Mechanism: Acts as primary intracellular antioxidant; neutralizes RO…

Half-life: ~1.5 hours (IV); oral bioavailability limited

MW: 307.32 g/mol

Compounding / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: ~56–76 minutes (human PK studies)

MW: ≈887.0 g/mol

Endogenous Glycoprotein Hormone / FDA-approved prescription biologic (indication-specific)

Human chorionic gonadotropin is a placental glycoprotein hormone and prescription biologic that acts as an LH receptor agonist, used in indication-specific fertility and gonadal function protocols.

Mechanism: Acts as an LH receptor agonist to stimulate testicular te…

Half-life: ~24-36 hours biological half life (route and product dependent)

MW: Variable glycoprotein; approximately 36.7 to 38 kDa depending on glycosylation/source

FDA-approved prescription biologic (indication-specific)

Somatropin (rhGH) is a 191-amino-acid recombinant human growth hormone used as an FDA-approved prescription biologic for specific pediatric and adult indications; activates GHR → IGF-1 axis to drive growth and metabolic effects.

Mechanism: Agonist at GHR → activates JAK/STAT signaling and downstr…

Half-life: ~3 hours (SC/IM absorption-limited; serum decline ~3–5 hours)

MW: 22124 g/mol

Fat LossExperimental

Fat Loss • Longevity / Research-only • Experimental

MDP for cellular defense and anti-aging.

Mechanism: Anti-apoptotic, mitochondrial stabilization.

Half-life: ~2-4 hours

MW: 2687.3 g/mol

Hormone Axis (Growth / Metabolic)

Neuroprotective signaling • Tissue repair

Mechanism: Endogenous hormone mediating GH effects; neuroprotective …

Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Longer than native IGF-1 in vitro; human PK not established in labels

MW: Reported ≈9.1 kDa (supplier-dependent)

Muscle/RecoveryLongevityExperimental

Muscle/Recovery • Growth Hormone Releasing • Experimental

GH release • Improved sleep quality

Mechanism: Selective GH secretagogue with minimal side effects.

Half-life: ~2 hours

MW: 711.9 g/mol

Experimental

Experimental • HPG Axis / Research-only • Experimental

HPG axis stimulator for hormone research.

Mechanism: GnRH stimulation for LH/FSH release.

Half-life: ~4 minutes

MW: 1302.5 g/mol

Clinical research / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Short; study-dependent

MW: ≈5857 g/mol

Muscle/RecoveryCosmeticExperimental

Muscle/Recovery • Regenerative Blend • Experimental

Blend for regeneration research.

Mechanism: Inflammation, repair, angiogenesis synergy.

Half-life: Varies

MW: Varies

KPV
Experimental

Experimental • Anti-Inflammatory / Gut-Joint • Experimental

Tripeptide motif from α-MSH (11–13) used in research on inflammatory signaling and barrier biology.

Mechanism: Alpha-MSH tripeptide fragment associated with anti-inflam…

MW: 342.44 g/mol

FDA-approved

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: ~3 hours (immediate-release); depot provides sustained levels

MW: 1209.4 g/mol (free base); 1269.4 g/mol (acetate)

Experimental

Experimental • Antimicrobial / Research-only • Experimental

Antimicrobial peptide for infection and healing research.

Mechanism: Membrane disruption, immune modulation.

Half-life: ~1-2 hours

MW: 4493.3 g/mol

Clinical trial

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Long (monthly or less frequent dosing in trials)

MW: ≈145–154 kDa (conjugate; assay-dependent)

Cosmetic

Cosmetic • Skin / Research-only

α-MSH analog for tanning research.

Mechanism: Melanogenesis stimulation, photoprotection.

Half-life: ~30 minutes

MW: 1646.85 g/mol

CosmeticExperimental

Cosmetic • Cosmetic / Tanning • Experimental

Tanning • Appetite suppression

Mechanism: Activates melanocortin receptors to stimulate melanin pro…

Half-life: ~36 hours

MW: 1024.2 g/mol

Fat LossExperimental

Fat Loss • Metabolic / Research-only • Experimental

MDP for metabolic and anti-aging research.

Mechanism: AMPK activation, metabolic regulation.

Half-life: ~2-4 hours

MW: 2174.6 g/mol

Fat LossCognitiveLongevity

Fat Loss • Coenzyme

NAD+ is a critical cellular coenzyme involved in energy production, DNA repair, and metabolic regulation. Levels decline with age, and supplementation is commonly used to support mitochondrial health, cognitive function, and overall vitality.

Half-life: Minutes to hours (rapidly metabolized)

MW: 663.43 g/mol

FDA-approved

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: ~1.7 hours (sc); depot has prolonged release

MW: 1019.3 g/mol

Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Unknown (preclinical)

MW: ≈2292 g/mol

Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Very short; rapidly degraded by peptidases

MW: ≈4534 g/mol

Cosmetic active / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Topical; systemic PK not established

MW: ≈802.07 g/mol

Cosmetic active / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Topical; systemic PK not established

MW: ≈694.9 g/mol

Cosmetic active / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Topical; systemic PK not established

MW: ≈578.8 g/mol

Cosmetic active / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Topical; systemic PK not established

MW:

Performance / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Extended vs native MGF; no validated human PK

MW: ≈8–10 kDa (PEG dependent)

Clinical trial

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: ~110 hours (EuPort™ albumin-binding domain; weekly dosing)

MW: ≈4094 g/mol

Clinical trial

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Long-acting (once-weekly; precise human t½ not yet widely published)

MW:

Bioregulator / Research-only

Synthetic tripeptide (EDR) used in Russian 'bioregulator' research literature; not FDA-approved.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Not established in humans

MW: 450.41 g/mol

Compounding / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Reported short; human diagnostic use in Japan

MW: 801.98 g/mol

Experimental

Experimental • Libido / Sexual Function • Experimental

Libido enhancement • Sexual function

Mechanism: Activates melanocortin receptors to enhance libido.

Half-life: ~2 hours

MW: 1025.3 g/mol

Compounding / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Topical kinetics not published; peptide absorption limited

MW: 1025.2 g/mol

Compounding / Rx in some countries

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: ~1 h (sc); same as Forteo reference

MW: ≈4118 g/mol

Clinical trial

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Not firmly established in public sources; studied as short-acting sc peptide

MW: 790.97 g/mol

Fat Loss

Fat Loss • Weight Loss / Metabolic

Triple receptor agonist for obesity research.

Mechanism: Appetite suppression, energy expenditure increase.

Half-life: ~120 hours (~5 days)

MW: 4845.4 g/mol

CognitiveExperimental

Cognitive • Compounding / Research-only • Experimental

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Not established (varies by route; nasal studied in RU)

MW: ≈751.9 g/mol

Fat LossGLP-1/Metabolic

Fat Loss • FDA-approved • Established

Significant weight loss (up to 15% body weight) • Improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetes

Mechanism: Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that mimics the a…

Half-life: ~7 days

MW: 4113.58 g/mol

GLP-1/Metabolic

GLP-1/Metabolic • Weight-Loss / Metabolic

Incretin-based therapies improving satiety and glycemic control; tirzepatide also activates GIP.

Mechanism: Incretin-based therapies improving satiety and glycemic c…

Experimental

Experimental • Nootropic / Research-only • Experimental

Nootropic for cognitive research.

Mechanism: BDNF upregulation, neuroplasticity.

Half-life: ~20-30 minutes (nasal)

MW: 813.92 g/mol

Muscle/RecoveryLongevity

Muscle/Recovery • Growth Hormone Releasing • Experimental

GHRH analog for GH research.

Mechanism: Stimulates pulsatile GH release.

Half-life: ~11-12 minutes

MW: 3357.96 g/mol

FDA-approved

Significant weight loss in genetic obesity disorders • Reduced hunger

Mechanism: Setmelanotide is a melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) agonist…

Half-life: ~11 hours

MW: 1117.3 g/mol

Cosmetic active (biotech) / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Topical; systemic PK not applicable

MW: ≈6.2 kDa (protein growth factor)

Fat LossExperimental

Fat Loss • Metabolic / Research-only • Experimental

Pan-ERR agonist exercise mimetic.

Mechanism: Pan-ERR agonism for metabolic reprogramming.

Half-life: Not established

MW: 467.5 g/mol

Mitochondrial / Investigational

Mitochondrial protector for energy and anti-aging research.

Mechanism: Mitochondrial membrane stabilization, ROS reduction.

Half-life: ~1-2 hours

MW: 639.8 g/mol

Bioregulator / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Not established (small tripeptide)

MW: 391.39 g/mol

Clinical trial

Weight loss • Improved liver fibrosis

Mechanism: Dual agonism for metabolic control, weight loss, fibrosis…

Half-life: ~6 days (once-weekly)

MW: ≈4232 g/mol

Muscle/RecoveryExperimental

Muscle/Recovery • Healing / Mobility • Experimental

Associated with actin modulation, cell migration, fibrosis modulation.

Mechanism: Associated with actin modulation, cell migration, fibrosi…

FDA-approved

Increased bone mineral density • Reduced vertebral and nonvertebral fractures

Mechanism: Teriparatide is a synthetic form of parathyroid hormone (…

Half-life: ~1 hour (sc)

MW: 4117.8 g/mol

Fat Loss

Fat Loss • GH Secretagogue / Fat Loss • Established

GHRH analog for VAT research.

Mechanism: Stimulates pulsatile GH for VAT reduction.

Half-life: 26-38 minutes

MW: 5135.9 g/mol

Experimental

Experimental • Short Peptide Bioregulator (Endocrine Research) • Experimental

Testagen is a short tetrapeptide bioregulator commonly referenced as KEDG and used in research contexts exploring endocrine related cellular regulation and signaling.

Mechanism: Proposed to influence cellular regulatory signaling and g…

Half-life: Not established (limited public PK data; primarily research context)

MW: 447.44 g/mol

Bioregulator / Research-only

Therapeutic benefits not fully established.

Mechanism: Mechanism of action not fully established in publicly ava…

Half-life: Not established

MW: 319.27 g/mol

LongevityExperimental

Longevity • Bioregulator / Extractive • Experimental

Immune restoration • Anti-aging

Mechanism: Stimulates T cell differentiation, gene regulation.

Half-life: Not established (polypeptide complex)

MW: Mixture

Bioregulator / Research-only

Immune normalization • Anti-aging

Mechanism: Stimulates T cell differentiation, immunomodulation.

Half-life: Not firmly established (small dipeptide)

MW: 333.34 g/mol

Experimental

Experimental • Immune Modulation • Experimental

Immune modulation (research)

Mechanism: Thymic peptide complex historically explored for immune m…

Immune / Research-only

Thymic immunomodulator for infection research.

Mechanism: Immune modulation, cytokine balance.

Half-life: ~2 hours

MW: 3108.3 g/mol

Experimental

Experimental • Immune / Inflammation • Experimental

Inflammation modulation • Immune support

Mechanism: Actin modulation, immune support.

Research-only

Tissue repair • Anti-fibrosis

Mechanism: Sequesters G-actin, modulates cytoskeleton, anti-fibrotic.

Half-life: Not well established in humans

MW: ≈4963 g/mol

Fat LossGLP-1/Metabolic

Fat Loss • FDA-approved • Established

Superior weight loss compared to semaglutide (up to 22.5% body weight) • Excellent glycemic control in type 2 diabetes

Mechanism: Tirzepatide is a dual GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotrop…

Half-life: ~5 days

MW: ≈4813 g/mol

Experimental

Experimental • Endogenous Neuropeptide / Research • Experimental

VIP is an endogenous 28 amino acid neuropeptide that activates VPAC receptors to increase cAMP, driving vasodilation, bronchodilation, smooth muscle relaxation, and immunomodulatory signaling in experimental models.

Mechanism: VIP activates VPAC receptors to increase intracellular cA…

Half-life: Not established (rapid enzymatic degradation; route dependent)

MW: 3325.8 g/mol

Bioregulator / Research-only

Khavinson-style vascular 'bioregulator' sold as peptide complex A-3 (mixture), not a single defined peptide.

Mechanism: Normalizes vascular metabolism.

Half-life: Not established in humans

MW: 405.36 g/mol

Experimental

Experimental • Short Peptide Bioregulator (Vascular Research) • Experimental

Vesugen is a short vascular bioregulator peptide commonly referenced as KED (Lys Glu Asp) and used in research contexts exploring endothelial signaling, vessel function, and circulatory markers.

Mechanism: Proposed to modulate gene expression and cellular signali…

Half-life: Not established (limited public PK data; primarily research context)

MW: ≈390.4 g/mol

Bioregulator / Research-only

Anti-aging • Immune support

Mechanism: Chromatin decondensation, gene activation, immune modulat…

Half-life: Not established in humans

MW: 275.30 g/mol