Gonadorelin
Also known as: GnRH, Lutrepulse, Factrel
Gonadorelin (also called GnRH or Lutrepulse) is a research peptide in the GnRH Modulator class. Gonadorelin is synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone, identical to the endogenous decapeptide. Its pharmacology depends entirely on how it is delivered, because the pituitary responds to the pattern rather than the presence of the signal.
For research use only.
Key Facts
- CAS
- 33515-09-2
- Molecular Weight (MW)
- 1182.3 g/mol
- Half-life
- 2–10 minutes
- FDA status
- Approved
- Evidence level
- Limited Human Evidence
- Human dose established
- No
- Administration Route
- Not established in humans
- Frequency
- Not established in humans
- Last updated
- Sep 6, 2026
- Reviewed
- Aug 30, 2026
- Targets
- GnRH receptor
Vendor price snapshot
Price per mg is list price divided by vial size in milligrams when both are known from public vendor listings. Peptide Library does not sell peptides. Confirm live prices on the vendor site.
- Vendors listing this peptide
- 1
- Listed offers
- 1
- Price per mg range
- $9.99/mg
Research summary
Native GnRH decapeptide used as a diagnostic and, historically, pulsatile therapeutic. WADA prohibits GnRH and analogues (S2).
Peptide Library's Gonadorelin profile summarises 5 cited studies listed in the Science section, the compound's regulatory status, and research-protocol parameters reported for it. It is a research reference, not medical advice.
Gonadorelin dosage: no established human dose
Gonadorelin has no current FDA-labelled human product. Every gonadorelin label on DailyMed today is a veterinary product for cattle. Human use was historically diagnostic — a stimulation test for precocious puberty and hypothalamic amenorrhoea, reported in literature from the late 1980s onward — but those human products are discontinued, and no current label or trial establishes a human dose for the continuous or maintenance use it is now sold for.
No established human dosage.
Human clinical evidence: None identified.
Preclinical research: Gonadorelin is synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Its surviving regulatory presence in the United States is entirely veterinary: all five DailyMed listings — Fertagyl, Cystorelin, Factrel, Gonabreed and Ovacyst — are products for cattle. The human diagnostic products were discontinued, and the human literature is small, old and concerned with single-dose stimulation testing rather than repeated administration. Bovine dosing is not converted into a human dose here.
Animal dosing is not converted into a human dose anywhere on this page. Where research figures appear below, they are reported as studied, not recommended.
| Human dosing established | No |
|---|---|
| Route | Intravenous or subcutaneous in the historical human diagnostic literature |
| Frequency | Single stimulation dose, or pulsatile administration in the historical amenorrhoea literature |
| Duration studied | Acute diagnostic testing |
| Evidence level | Limited Human Evidence |
| Last reviewed | 2026-09-05 |
Human research reported
Doses as studied, one row per regimen. Different trials used different regimens; they are listed separately rather than averaged.
| Study / context | Population | Dose | Route | Frequency | Duration | Outcome studied | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gonadorelin stimulation test in precocious pubertyClinical trial · Diagnostic study | Children assessed for central precocious puberty | Per the diagnostic test protocol; not stated in the indexed English record | Intravenous | Single stimulation dose | Acute | Luteinising hormone peak for diagnosis | Simplified gonadorelin stimulation test in diagnosis of precocious puberty. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2004. |
| Gonadorelin-stimulated LH peak and BMIClinical trial · Clinical diagnostic study | Premenarcheal girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty | Per the standard stimulation test protocol | Intravenous | Single stimulation dose | — | Luteinising hormone peak by body mass index | Impact of BMI on gonadorelin-stimulated LH peak in premenarcheal girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015. |
Preclinical and analog research
Not human dosing evidence. Listed for completeness and never extrapolated to a human dose.
| Study / context | Population | Dose | Route | Frequency | Duration | Outcome studied | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Veterinary label — Fertagyl, cattlePreclinical · Veterinary prescribing information | Cattle | Per the veterinary label; a bovine dose, not a human one | Intramuscular or intravenous | — | — | Ovulation induction and reproductive management in cattle | FERTAGYL (gonadorelin) injection — veterinary prescribing information, DailyMed |
| Veterinary label — Cystorelin, cattlePreclinical · Veterinary prescribing information | Cattle | Per the veterinary label; a bovine dose, not a human one | Intramuscular or intravenous | — | — | Reproductive management in cattle | CYSTORELIN (gonadorelin) injection — veterinary prescribing information (Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health), DailyMed |
Where sources disagree
- Gonadorelin is widely used in testosterone-replacement protocols at doses commonly quoted around 100–200 mcg two or three times weekly, to maintain testicular function. No current human label and no registered trial supports that regimen; the historical human evidence is single-dose diagnostic testing.
- All five current US gonadorelin labels are veterinary products for cattle. A DailyMed listing is not evidence of a human approved dose, and in this case it is not even a human product.
- Registered trials returned for gonadorelin are largely studies of other GnRH agonists — leuprolide, triptorelin, degarelix — which are long-acting analogues with entirely different pharmacology. Gonadorelin is the short-acting native decapeptide, and their dosing does not transfer to it.
Reconstitution
Common research vial sizes: 2 mg, 10 mg.
| Vial | Bacteriostatic water | Concentration | Per 0.01 mL |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 mg | 2 mL | 1 mg/mL | 10 mcg per 0.01 mL |
| 10 mg | 2 mL | 5 mg/mL | 50 mcg per 0.01 mL |
These figures are arithmetic only — they convert a vial and a volume into a concentration. They are not a recommendation to take any dose.
Calculate reconstitution & dose →Handling & administration
- Administration Route
- Intravenous / Subcutaneous
- Reconstitution Guide
- —
- Injection Sites
- AbdomenThigh
- Timing Notes
- Educational catalog only — not medical advice
Sequence & molecular data
| Molecular formula | C55H75N17O13 |
|---|---|
| Molecular weight | 1182.3 g/mol |
| CAS number | 33515-09-2 |
| Half-life | 2–10 minutes |
| Appearance | White lyophilized powder |
| Formulation | Lyophilized Powder |
| PubChem CID | 638793 |
| FDA UNII | 9O7312W37G |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1007 |
Identifiers link to the public PubChem, FDA Substance Registration (UNII), ChEMBL and DrugBank records for the same entity.
Science
Mechanism of Action
Gonadorelin is synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone, identical to the endogenous decapeptide. Its pharmacology depends entirely on how it is delivered, because the pituitary responds to the pattern rather than the presence of the signal. Delivered in pulses roughly every ninety minutes it reproduces physiological hypothalamic release and stimulates luteinising and follicle-stimulating hormone secretion. Delivered continuously it desensitises and downregulates the pituitary GnRH receptor, suppressing gonadotropins after an initial rise. That distinction separates it from long-acting agonists such as leuprolide, which are designed to produce the suppressed state, and its short half-life of a few minutes is why sustained stimulation requires pump delivery.
Origin
Endogenous decapeptide; synthetic pharmaceutical.
Targets
Regulatory & research status
Gonadorelin is an FDA-approved product for specific labelled indications. Approval does not extend to the research contexts described on this page, and approved products are prescription medicines.
| FDA status | Approved |
|---|---|
| Availability | Prescription-Only |
| WADA (sport) | Banned in Sport |
| Library classification | FDA-Approved |
Benefits
Potential Side Effects
Side Effects
- Ovarian hyperstimulation risk
- Injection reactions
Storage & stability
Lyophilized (freeze-dried) peptide powder is far more stable than the reconstituted solution. Keep sealed vials cold, dry and away from light; long-term storage is typically frozen, with short-term refrigeration for vials in use.
Once reconstituted in bacteriostatic water, keep the solution refrigerated, avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles and agitation, and label the vial with the reconstitution date and concentration. Discard any solution that turns cloudy or shows particulates.
Degradation rates differ by sequence: peptides containing methionine, cysteine, asparagine or glutamine are more prone to oxidation and deamidation, so shelf life after reconstitution is compound-specific rather than universal.
Read the full guide: how to store peptides before and after reconstitution →
Source: Manning MC, Chou DK, Murphy BM, Payne RW, Katayama DS. Stability of protein pharmaceuticals: an update. Pharm Res. 2010;27(4):544–575. (PMID 20143256). General guidance for research handling; not product-specific instructions.
Gonadorelin: frequently asked questions
What is Gonadorelin?
Native GnRH decapeptide used as a diagnostic and, historically, pulsatile therapeutic. WADA prohibits GnRH and analogues (S2).
How does Gonadorelin work?
Gonadorelin is synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone, identical to the endogenous decapeptide. Its pharmacology depends entirely on how it is delivered, because the pituitary responds to the pattern rather than the presence of the signal.
Is Gonadorelin FDA approved?
Yes. Gonadorelin is approved by the FDA, and approved products are prescription medicines. Approval is always for specific indications studied in clinical trials, so an approved status does not mean the compound is approved for every use it is discussed for. Research-chemical material sold under the same name is not the approved product.
What is the half-life of Gonadorelin?
Reported half-life for Gonadorelin is 2–10 minutes. Half-life describes how long the compound persists in circulation, not how long any effect lasts, and published figures vary with route of administration, formulation and the population studied.
Is Gonadorelin banned in sport?
Gonadorelin is recorded here as prohibited in sport. Athletes subject to anti-doping rules should check the current WADA Prohibited List directly, since it is revised annually and classifications change.
What peptides are similar to Gonadorelin?
Compounds most often compared with Gonadorelin include Leuprolide, Goserelin, Triptorelin and Nafarelin. They are grouped by shared mechanism or research area rather than by equivalence, and their regulatory status and evidence base differ.
References
- WADA Prohibited List 2026External reference
- Effect of 200 µg of gonadorelin at the first gonadotropin-releasing hormone of the Resynch-25 on ovarian dynamics and fertility in lactating Holstein cows — J Dairy Sci, 2024External reference
- Endometriosis: the effects of dienogest — BMJ Clin Evid, 2015External reference
- Menorrhagia — BMJ Clin Evid, 2012External reference
- Breast pain — BMJ Clin Evid, 2011External reference
- Fibroids (uterine myomatosis, leiomyomas) — BMJ Clin Evid, 2011External reference
Related research, comparisons & guides
- hCG: What It Does in Men and Why It Is Not a Peptide
- Kisspeptin-10: The Upstream Switch of the Reproductive Axis
- Gonadorelin: GnRH Itself, and Why the Schedule Decides the Effect
- Enclomiphene: Not a Peptide, and That Matters
- Peptide dosage chart: dose, route and frequencyCategory
- Peptide calculator with the Gonadorelin preset
- How to store peptides before and after reconstitution
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Compiled by Peptide Library Editorial · Reviewed Aug 30, 2026 · Updated Sep 6, 2026 · Version 2
This Gonadorelin profile is compiled from published literature (5 cited studies linked above), public regulatory records and chemical registries. It describes what research reports; it is not medical advice, and nothing here is a dosing recommendation for humans. Peptide Library does not sell peptides. Editorial policy · How profiles are compiled · Report an error
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