Peptide Library

Human study PLS-00194

Increased thymosin β4 levels in the serum and SF of knee osteoarthritis patients correlate with disease severity.

Cross-sectional study · Not reported participants enrolled · not included in the assessments (other)

Version 1 · published November 8, 2026 · evidence through November 8, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

Only the abstract was available. Essential methods may be missing, which limits what can be judged.

Reports of this study

Every publication, registration and abstract describing this one study. Participants are counted once.

  • Increased thymosin β4 levels in the serum and SF of knee osteoarthritis patients correlate with disease severity.primary · Regulatory peptides · 2013-06-28 · PMID 23816466 · DOI

Design and participants

Design
Cross-sectional study
Population
Patients with knee osteoarthritis graded by Kellgren-Lawrence radiographic criteria, and healthy controls
Conditions
Knee osteoarthritis
Planned enrollment (registry)
Not reported
Enrolled
Not reported
Randomized
Not reported
Completed follow-up
Not reported

Intervention and comparator

What each group received. Related peptides, analogs and combinations are never treated as the compound itself.

    What the authors reported

    As stated in the sources. This is the authors’ account, not Peptide Library’s assessment.

    Adverse events

    None reported. That is not evidence of safety, and how safety was monitored isn’t described.

    The authors concluded (paraphrased): Serum and synovial fluid thymosin β4 levels may serve as effective biomarkers for the severity of knee osteoarthritis.

    Peptide Library’s assessment

    An automated assessment, made by AI separately from the authors’ conclusions and not reviewed by a person. How risk of bias is assessed.

    Limitations

    • other: The compound was not administered; endogenous levels were only measured as a biomarker.
    • abstract only: Only the abstract is available, with no numeric estimates or p-values reported.
    • confounding: The case-control comparison reports no adjustment for age, sex or other confounders.
    • inappropriate endpoint: Biomarker levels are surrogate measures and give no information on any treatment effect.

    No risk-of-bias assessment has been published for this study’s results.

    Claims this study informs

    Where each value comes from

    • arms: PMID 23816466, abstract (Methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • author_conclusion: PMID 23816466, abstract (Conclusion, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • design: PMID 23816466, abstract (Methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • limitations: PMID 23816466, abstract (Methods and Results) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • outcomes: PMID 23816466, abstract (Methods, sentence 3) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • participants: PMID 23816466, abstract (Methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • population: PMID 23816466, abstract (Methods, sentences 1-2) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • results: PMID 23816466, abstract (Results, sentences 1-4) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only

    • Version 1 · published November 8, 2026 · evidence through November 8, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

    These assessments describe published research. Records marked automated were produced by AI under the published methodology and have not been reviewed by a person; they can contain errors. None of this is medical advice, not a statement about any product’s safety for human use, and not a regulatory approval. Peptide Library’s vendor and partner relationships play no part in them (editorial independence).