Peptide Library

Human study PLS-00163

The expression of thymosin β4 in chronic hepatitis B combined nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Cross-sectional study · Not reported participants enrolled · not included in the assessments (other)

Version 1 · published November 8, 2026 · evidence through November 8, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

Only the abstract was available. Essential methods may be missing, which limits what can be judged.

Reports of this study

Every publication, registration and abstract describing this one study. Participants are counted once.

  • The expression of thymosin β4 in chronic hepatitis B combined nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.primary · Medicine · 2016-12-01 · PMID 28033294 · DOI

Design and participants

Design
Cross-sectional study
Population
Patients with chronic hepatitis B combined with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (case group) and patients with chronic hepatitis B alone (control group)
Conditions
Chronic hepatitis B, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Liver fibrosis
Planned enrollment (registry)
Not reported
Enrolled
Not reported
Randomized
Not reported
Completed follow-up
Not reported

Intervention and comparator

What each group received. Related peptides, analogs and combinations are never treated as the compound itself.

    What the authors reported

    As stated in the sources. This is the authors’ account, not Peptide Library’s assessment.

    Adverse events

    None reported. That is not evidence of safety, and how safety was monitored isn’t described.

    The authors concluded (paraphrased): The authors suggest that endogenous Tβ4 may help regulate chronic inflammation and fibrosis and may play a protective role in disease progression in patients with chronic hepatitis B combined with NAFLD.

    Peptide Library’s assessment

    An automated assessment, made by AI separately from the authors’ conclusions and not reviewed by a person. How risk of bias is assessed.

    Limitations

    • other: Tβ4 was measured as an endogenous biomarker and was never given to participants, so the study cannot inform effects of administering the compound.
    • abstract only: Only the abstract is available in the record. Methods, recruitment, numbers analyzed and statistics are not described.
    • inappropriate endpoint: All outcomes are laboratory and histological biomarkers, such as serum Tβ4, TNF-α and immunohistochemistry, rather than patient-important outcomes.
    • confounding: The case and control groups are compared without any reported adjustment for confounders such as age, metabolic factors or viral load.

    No risk-of-bias assessment has been published for this study’s results.

    Claims this study informs

    Where each value comes from

    • arms: PMID 28033294, abstract (sentence 3) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • author_conclusion: PMID 28033294, abstract (final sentence) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • design: PMID 28033294, abstract (sentences 3-4) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • limitations: PMID 28033294, abstract (sentences 1-4) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • outcomes: PMID 28033294, abstract (sentences 4-6) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • participants: PMID 28033294, abstract (sentence 3) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • population: PMID 28033294, abstract (sentence 3) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • results: PMID 28033294, abstract (sentence 7) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only

    • Version 1 · published November 8, 2026 · evidence through November 8, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

    These assessments describe published research. Records marked automated were produced by AI under the published methodology and have not been reviewed by a person; they can contain errors. None of this is medical advice, not a statement about any product’s safety for human use, and not a regulatory approval. Peptide Library’s vendor and partner relationships play no part in them (editorial independence).