Peptide Library

Human study PLS-00160

Thymosin beta 4 is associated with collateral development in coronary artery disease.

Case-control study · Not reported participants enrolled · not included in the assessments (other)

Version 1 · published November 8, 2026 · evidence through November 8, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

Only the abstract was available. Essential methods may be missing, which limits what can be judged.

Reports of this study

Every publication, registration and abstract describing this one study. Participants are counted once.

  • Thymosin beta 4 is associated with collateral development in coronary artery disease.primary · Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation · 2011-08-30 · PMID 21877905 · DOI

Design and participants

Design
Case-control study
Population
Patients with severely stenotic coronary artery disease (at least 95% stenosis in at least one major coronary artery on angiogram), grouped by poor or good collateral development. Groups were matched for age and sex.
Conditions
Coronary artery disease, Coronary stenosis, Coronary collateral circulation
Setting
Patients undergoing coronary angiography; the institution is not stated.
Planned enrollment (registry)
Not reported
Enrolled
Not reported
Randomized
Not reported
Completed follow-up
Not reported
Funding
Not stated
Authors’ conflicts
Not stated

Intervention and comparator

What each group received. Related peptides, analogs and combinations are never treated as the compound itself.

    What the authors reported

    As stated in the sources. This is the authors’ account, not Peptide Library’s assessment.

    Adverse events

    None reported. That is not evidence of safety.

    Monitoring: Not applicable; no intervention was given.

    The authors concluded (paraphrased): Serum Tβ4 levels are significantly associated with collateral development in patients with severe coronary artery disease.

    Peptide Library’s assessment

    An automated assessment, made by AI separately from the authors’ conclusions and not reviewed by a person. How risk of bias is assessed.

    Limitations

    • other: Tβ4 was not administered; the study measures an endogenous biomarker, so it gives no evidence on treatment effects.
    • small or imprecise: Small groups of thirteen and sixteen patients; no effect sizes or intervals are reported in the abstract.
    • abstract only: Only the abstract is available; methods, numerical results and funding cannot be assessed.
    • confounding: Observational comparison with matching only for age and sex; other confounders are not described.

    No risk-of-bias assessment has been published for this study’s results.

    Claims this study informs

    Where each value comes from

    • arms: PMID 21877905, abstract (Methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • author_conclusion: PMID 21877905, abstract (Conclusions, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • design: PMID 21877905, abstract (Methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • limitations: PMID 21877905, abstract (Methods and Results) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • outcomes: PMID 21877905, abstract (Methods, sentences 2-4) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • participants: PMID 21877905, abstract (Methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • population: PMID 21877905, abstract (Methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • results: PMID 21877905, abstract (Results, sentences 1-2) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only

    • Version 1 · published November 8, 2026 · evidence through November 8, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

    These assessments describe published research. Records marked automated were produced by AI under the published methodology and have not been reviewed by a person; they can contain errors. None of this is medical advice, not a statement about any product’s safety for human use, and not a regulatory approval. Peptide Library’s vendor and partner relationships play no part in them (editorial independence).