Peptide Library

Human study PLS-00148

Thymosin β4 and β10 are highly expressed at the deep infiltrative margins of colorectal cancer - A mass spectrometry analysis.

Cross-sectional study · 18 participants enrolled · not included in the assessments (other)

Version 1 · published November 8, 2026 · evidence through November 8, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

Only the abstract was available. Essential methods may be missing, which limits what can be judged.

Reports of this study

Every publication, registration and abstract describing this one study. Participants are counted once.

  • Thymosin β4 and β10 are highly expressed at the deep infiltrative margins of colorectal cancer - A mass spectrometry analysis.primary · European review for medical and pharmacological sciences · 2021-12-01 · PMID 34919228 · DOI

Design and participants

Design
Cross-sectional study
Population
Patients with colorectal cancer whose deep and superficial tumor samples and normal mucosa were analyzed
Conditions
Colorectal cancer
Planned enrollment (registry)
Not reported
Enrolled
18
Randomized
Not reported
Completed follow-up
Not reported

Intervention and comparator

What each group received. Related peptides, analogs and combinations are never treated as the compound itself.

    What the authors reported

    As stated in the sources. This is the authors’ account, not Peptide Library’s assessment.

    Adverse events

    None reported. That is not evidence of safety, and how safety was monitored isn’t described.

    The authors concluded (paraphrased): Tβ4 and Tβ10 were upregulated in the deep tumor part and associated with Dukes stage and budding grade. The authors suggest both are involved in CRC progression and invasion and are candidate biomarkers and therapy targets.

    Peptide Library’s assessment

    An automated assessment, made by AI separately from the authors’ conclusions and not reviewed by a person. How risk of bias is assessed.

    Limitations

    • other: Endogenous tissue levels were measured. Thymosin β4 was not administered to anyone, so the study cannot inform effects of treatment.
    • small or imprecise: Tissue samples came from only 18 patients, per the abstract.
    • abstract only: Only the PubMed abstract is available in the record. Methods and results detail are limited.
    • inappropriate endpoint: Endogenous tissue protein levels are a biomarker measure. No compound was given and no clinical outcomes were assessed.

    No risk-of-bias assessment has been published for this study’s results.

    Claims this study informs

    Where each value comes from

    • author_conclusion: PMID 34919228, abstract (Conclusions, sentences 1-2) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • design: PMID 34919228, abstract (Patients and methods, sentences 1-3) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • participants: PMID 34919228, abstract (Patients and methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • population: PMID 34919228, abstract (Patients and methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only

    • Version 1 · published November 8, 2026 · evidence through November 8, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

    These assessments describe published research. Records marked automated were produced by AI under the published methodology and have not been reviewed by a person; they can contain errors. None of this is medical advice, not a statement about any product’s safety for human use, and not a regulatory approval. Peptide Library’s vendor and partner relationships play no part in them (editorial independence).