Peptide Library

Human study PLS-00140

Thymosin β4, a potential marker of malignancy and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Case-control study · 540 participants enrolled · not included in the assessments (other)

Version 1 · published November 8, 2026 · evidence through November 8, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

Only the abstract was available. Essential methods may be missing, which limits what can be judged.

Reports of this study

Every publication, registration and abstract describing this one study. Participants are counted once.

  • Thymosin β4, a potential marker of malignancy and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.primary · Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology · 2022-10-21 · PMID 36269095 · DOI

Design and participants

Design
Case-control study
Population
Adults with hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis or hepatitis, and healthy volunteers, enrolled to evaluate serum thymosin β4 as a biomarker.
Conditions
Hepatocellular carcinoma, Liver cirrhosis, Hepatitis
Setting
not_stated
Planned enrollment (registry)
Not reported
Enrolled
540
Randomized
Not reported
Completed follow-up
Not reported
Funding
not_stated
Authors’ conflicts
not_stated

Intervention and comparator

What each group received. Related peptides, analogs and combinations are never treated as the compound itself.

    What the authors reported

    As stated in the sources. This is the authors’ account, not Peptide Library’s assessment.

    Adverse events

    None reported. That is not evidence of safety.

    Monitoring: not_stated

    The authors concluded (paraphrased): The authors concluded that serum thymosin β4 may serve as a novel biomarker for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma and predicting its prognosis.

    Peptide Library’s assessment

    An automated assessment, made by AI separately from the authors’ conclusions and not reviewed by a person. How risk of bias is assessed.

    Limitations

    • inappropriate endpoint: Thymosin β4 is measured as an endogenous biomarker rather than given as a treatment, so no effect of administering the compound can be inferred.
    • abstract only: Only the PubMed abstract is available, and part of the results text appears truncated, which limits the appraisal.
    • inappropriate population: The study measured endogenous Tβ4 as a diagnostic marker and did not administer the compound, so it does not inform treatment effects or safety.

    No risk-of-bias assessment has been published for this study’s results.

    Claims this study informs

    Where each value comes from

    • author_conclusion: PMID 36269095, abstract (Conclusion, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • design: PMID 36269095, abstract (Patients and methods, sentences 1-3) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • limitations: PMID 36269095, abstract (Results, sentences 1-6) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • participants: PMID 36269095, abstract (Patients and methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • population: PMID 36269095, abstract (Patients and methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only

    • Version 1 · published November 8, 2026 · evidence through November 8, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

    These assessments describe published research. Records marked automated were produced by AI under the published methodology and have not been reviewed by a person; they can contain errors. None of this is medical advice, not a statement about any product’s safety for human use, and not a regulatory approval. Peptide Library’s vendor and partner relationships play no part in them (editorial independence).