Peptide Library

Human study PLS-00131

Modulation of thymosin beta 4 by estrogen.

Cross-sectional study · 87 participants enrolled · not included in the assessments (wrong compound)

Version 1 · published November 8, 2026 · evidence through November 8, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

Only the abstract was available. Essential methods may be missing, which limits what can be judged.

Reports of this study

Every publication, registration and abstract describing this one study. Participants are counted once.

  • Modulation of thymosin beta 4 by estrogen.primary · American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 1985-02-01 · PMID 2983555 · DOI

Design and participants

Design
Cross-sectional study
Population
Women in various clinical states: normal women in the early follicular phase, premature ovarian failure, postmenopausal women with and without estrogen therapy, castrated women with and without estrogen therapy, and gonadal dysgenesis.
Conditions
premature ovarian failure, menopause, surgical castration, gonadal dysgenesis
Planned enrollment (registry)
Not reported
Enrolled
87
Randomized
Not reported
Completed follow-up
Not reported
Funding
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. and Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't (per PubMed publication types); funders not named.

Intervention and comparator

What each group received. Related peptides, analogs and combinations are never treated as the compound itself.

    What the authors reported

    As stated in the sources. This is the authors’ account, not Peptide Library’s assessment.

    Adverse events

    None reported. That is not evidence of safety, and how safety was monitored isn’t described.

    The authors concluded (paraphrased): Estrogens appear to modulate circulating thymosin beta 4 levels but not thymosin alpha 1 levels. Whether sex steroids affect other thymic peptides is unknown.

    Peptide Library’s assessment

    An automated assessment, made by AI separately from the authors’ conclusions and not reviewed by a person. How risk of bias is assessed.

    Limitations

    • other: Thymosin beta 4 was measured as an endogenous biomarker and never administered, so the study gives no information on its effects.
    • abstract only: Only the abstract is available; group sizes, numeric results and methods details are not reported.
    • confounding: This is a cross-sectional comparison of clinical groups with no reported adjustment for differences between them.
    • inappropriate endpoint: The study measured endogenous peptide concentrations, a surrogate measure. It did not assess any clinical outcome of thymosin beta 4 administration.

    No risk-of-bias assessment has been published for this study’s results.

    Claims this study informs

    Where each value comes from

    • author_conclusion: PMID 2983555, abstract (sentences 8-9) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • design: PMID 2983555, abstract (sentence 3) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • outcomes: PMID 2983555, abstract (sentence 3) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • participants: PMID 2983555, abstract (sentence 3) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • population: PMID 2983555, abstract (sentences 3-7) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only

    • Version 1 · published November 8, 2026 · evidence through November 8, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

    These assessments describe published research. Records marked automated were produced by AI under the published methodology and have not been reviewed by a person; they can contain errors. None of this is medical advice, not a statement about any product’s safety for human use, and not a regulatory approval. Peptide Library’s vendor and partner relationships play no part in them (editorial independence).