Peptide Library

Human study PLS-00058

Repeated Heat Stress Modulates the Levels of the Mitokines MOTS-C and FGF21 in Active Men during Calf Muscle Immobilization.

Randomized controlled trial · 19 participants enrolled · not included in the assessments (wrong compound)

Version 1 · published November 7, 2026 · evidence through November 7, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

Only the abstract was available. Essential methods may be missing, which limits what can be judged.

Reports of this study

Every publication, registration and abstract describing this one study. Participants are counted once.

  • Repeated Heat Stress Modulates the Levels of the Mitokines MOTS-C and FGF21 in Active Men during Calf Muscle Immobilization.primary · Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2025-07-17 · PMID 40674654 · DOI

Design and participants

Design
Randomized controlled trial
Population
Physically active men who completed 4 weeks of supervised training followed by 2 weeks of left ankle immobilization
Conditions
Immobilization-induced (disuse) muscle atrophy
Setting
Supervised training and immobilization protocol; setting otherwise not stated
Planned enrollment (registry)
Not reported
Enrolled
19
Randomized
19
Completed follow-up
Not reported
Funding
Non-U.S. government research support (per publication type); funder not named
Authors’ conflicts
Not reported

Intervention and comparator

What each group received. Related peptides, analogs and combinations are never treated as the compound itself.

    What the authors reported

    As stated in the sources. This is the authors’ account, not Peptide Library’s assessment.

    Adverse events

    None reported. That is not evidence of safety.

    Monitoring: Not reported in the abstract

    The authors concluded (paraphrased): Repeated heat stress specifically modulates the mitokines MOTS-c and FGF21, in a way comparable to but not identical to exercise. More research is needed on mechanisms and on the therapeutic potential of heat and mitokines against muscle loss.

    Peptide Library’s assessment

    An automated assessment, made by AI separately from the authors’ conclusions and not reviewed by a person. How risk of bias is assessed.

    Limitations

    • other: MOTS-c was not administered. It was measured only as an endogenous biomarker responding to heat stress.
    • small or imprecise: Only 19 men were randomized (9 heat, 10 sham), which limits precision.
    • inappropriate endpoint: The mitokine levels are surrogate biomarkers, not patient-important outcomes.
    • abstract only: Only the abstract is available. Methods, blinding and attrition details are lacking.

    No risk-of-bias assessment has been published for this study’s results.

    Claims this study informs

    Where each value comes from

    • arms: PMID 40674654, abstract (Methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • author_conclusion: PMID 40674654, abstract (Conclusions, sentences 1-2) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • design: PMID 40674654, abstract (Methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • limitations: PMID 40674654, abstract (Methods, sentences 1-2) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • outcomes: PMID 40674654, abstract (Methods, sentence 2) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • participants: PMID 40674654, abstract (Methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • population: PMID 40674654, abstract (Methods, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only
    • results: PMID 40674654, abstract (Results, sentence 1) · extracted by AI (automated, not verified by a person) · abstract only

    • Version 1 · published November 7, 2026 · evidence through November 7, 2026 · research snapshot 2026.1.1 · methodology ev-1 · Automated assessment by AI (claude-opus-5-5 and claude-sonnet-5-5), not reviewed by a person.

    These assessments describe published research. Records marked automated were produced by AI under the published methodology and have not been reviewed by a person; they can contain errors. None of this is medical advice, not a statement about any product’s safety for human use, and not a regulatory approval. Peptide Library’s vendor and partner relationships play no part in them (editorial independence).