Ecnoglutide
Ecnoglutide is an investigational GLP-1 receptor agonist. Ecnoglutide is a modified GLP-1 analog engineered for cAMP-biased signalling at the GLP-1 receptor, with fatty acid acylation supporting albumin binding and once-weekly dosing. The intended consequence of biased agonism is to preserve the metabolic effects mediated by cyclic AMP while reducing beta-arrestin-mediated receptor internalisation.
For research use only.
Key Facts
- CAS
- 2459531-73-6
- Molecular Weight (MW)
- 4285 g/mol
- Half-life
- —
- FDA status
- Investigational New Drug (IND)
- Administration Route
- subcutaneous
- Frequency
- —
- Last updated
- Aug 30, 2026
- Reviewed
- Aug 30, 2026
Research summary
Investigational long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist in clinical development for obesity and type 2 diabetes, studied primarily in China. Not FDA-approved.
Peptide Library's Ecnoglutide profile summarises 5 cited studies listed in the Science section, the compound's regulatory status, and research-protocol parameters reported for it. It is a research reference, not medical advice.
Protocol
- Dosage Range
- —
- Frequency
- —
- Cycle
- —
- Administration Route
- subcutaneous
- Reconstitution Guide
- —
Sequence & molecular data
| Molecular formula | C194H304N48O61 |
|---|---|
| Molecular weight | 4285 g/mol |
| CAS number | 2459531-73-6 |
| PubChem CID | 162625103 |
| FDA UNII | KM6YM7L8LH |
Identifiers link to the public PubChem, FDA Substance Registration (UNII), ChEMBL and DrugBank records for the same entity.
Science
Mechanism of Action
Ecnoglutide is a modified GLP-1 analog engineered for cAMP-biased signalling at the GLP-1 receptor, with fatty acid acylation supporting albumin binding and once-weekly dosing. The intended consequence of biased agonism is to preserve the metabolic effects mediated by cyclic AMP while reducing beta-arrestin-mediated receptor internalisation.
Studies
- Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Ecnoglutide in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Efficacy and safety of cAMP signalling-biased GLP-1 analogue ecnoglutide monotherapy versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes (EECOH-1): a multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
- Efficacy and safety of a biased GLP-1 receptor agonist ecnoglutide in adults with overweight or obesity: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
- Efficacy and safety of cAMP-biased GLP-1 receptor agonist ecnoglutide versus dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and elevated glucose concentrations on metformin monotherapy (EECOH-2): a 52-week, multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, phase 3 trial
- Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 analog ecnoglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial
Regulatory & research status
Ecnoglutide has been studied under an Investigational New Drug application. It is not approved for marketing.
| FDA status | Investigational New Drug (IND) |
|---|---|
| Research status | Investigational; clinical development reported |
| Availability | Research-Only |
| WADA (sport) | Unknown / Not Listed |
| Library classification | Clinical Trial |
Benefits
—
Potential Side Effects
No side effects listed yet for this entry.
Storage & stability
Lyophilized (freeze-dried) peptide powder is far more stable than the reconstituted solution. Keep sealed vials cold, dry and away from light; long-term storage is typically frozen, with short-term refrigeration for vials in use.
Once reconstituted in bacteriostatic water, keep the solution refrigerated, avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles and agitation, and label the vial with the reconstitution date and concentration. Discard any solution that turns cloudy or shows particulates.
Degradation rates differ by sequence: peptides containing methionine, cysteine, asparagine or glutamine are more prone to oxidation and deamidation, so shelf life after reconstitution is compound-specific rather than universal.
Read the full guide: how to store peptides before and after reconstitution →
Source: Manning MC, Chou DK, Murphy BM, Payne RW, Katayama DS. Stability of protein pharmaceuticals: an update. Pharm Res. 2010;27(4):544–575. (PMID 20143256). General guidance for research handling; not product-specific instructions.
Ecnoglutide: frequently asked questions
What is Ecnoglutide?
Investigational long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist in clinical development for obesity and type 2 diabetes, studied primarily in China. Not FDA-approved.
How does Ecnoglutide work?
Ecnoglutide is a modified GLP-1 analog engineered for cAMP-biased signalling at the GLP-1 receptor, with fatty acid acylation supporting albumin binding and once-weekly dosing. The intended consequence of biased agonism is to preserve the metabolic effects mediated by cyclic AMP while reducing beta-arrestin-mediated receptor internalisation.
Is Ecnoglutide FDA approved?
No. Ecnoglutide is investigational: it is in clinical development and has not been approved by the FDA for any indication. Investigational status means trials are ongoing or complete but regulatory review has not resulted in approval, and efficacy and safety are still being established.
What peptides are similar to Ecnoglutide?
Compounds most often compared with Ecnoglutide include Tirzepatide, VK2735, Efpeglenatide and Semaglutide. They are grouped by shared mechanism or research area rather than by equivalence, and their regulatory status and evidence base differ.
References
- Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Ecnoglutide in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Endocrinol Diabetes Metab, 2026External reference
- Efficacy and safety of cAMP signalling-biased GLP-1 analogue ecnoglutide monotherapy versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes (EECOH-1): a multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial — Nat Commun, 2026External reference
- Efficacy and safety of a biased GLP-1 receptor agonist ecnoglutide in adults with overweight or obesity: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial — Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2025External reference
- Efficacy and safety of cAMP-biased GLP-1 receptor agonist ecnoglutide versus dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and elevated glucose concentrations on metformin monotherapy (EECOH-2): a 52-week, multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, phase 3 trial — Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2025External reference
- Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 analog ecnoglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial — Nat Commun, 2024External reference
Related research, comparisons & guides
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Compiled by Peptide Library Editorial · Reviewed Aug 30, 2026 · Updated Aug 30, 2026 · Version 1
This Ecnoglutide profile is compiled from published literature (5 cited studies linked above), public regulatory records and chemical registries. It describes what research reports; it is not medical advice, and nothing here is a dosing recommendation for humans. Peptide Library does not sell peptides. Editorial policy · How profiles are compiled · Report an error
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