Degarelix
Degarelix is an FDA-approved GnRH receptor antagonist. Degarelix binds GnRH receptors on pituitary gonadotrophs competitively and reversibly, immediately blocking the receptor rather than first overstimulating it. Luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone fall within hours and testosterone follows, avoiding the testosterone flare and the tumour-symptom worsening that can accompany initiation of a GnRH agonist.
For research use only.
Key Facts
- CAS
- 214766-78-6
- Molecular Weight (MW)
- 1632.3 g/mol
- Half-life
- —
- FDA status
- Approved
- Evidence level
- FDA Approved
- Human dose established
- Yes
- Administration Route
- Subcutaneous
- Frequency
- Starting dose once, then every 28 days
- Last updated
- Nov 7, 2026
- Reviewed
- Nov 7, 2026
Research summary
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist approved for advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Unlike GnRH agonists it lowers testosterone without an initial surge.
Research evidence
- Regulatory review (FDA label)1 reviewed source
- Controlled human trials1 reviewed source
- Early or uncontrolled human studiesNone in reviewed sources
- Lab & animal studiesNone in reviewed sources
How it works
Each step shows whether the sources Peptide Library has reviewed include that kind of research. Counts are reviewed sources, not every study ever published. Reviews and programme summaries that describe human use are shown as "reported", not as trials, and registered trials without published results are listed but not counted. A higher step means research has progressed further; it does not mean a compound works better or is safer. Compounds whose evidence has not been reviewed yet show "Not reviewed" instead of a guess.
Peptide Library's Degarelix profile summarises 5 cited studies listed in the Science section, the compound's regulatory status, and research-protocol parameters reported for it. It is a research reference, not medical advice.
Degarelix dosage evidence
Degarelix has an FDA-approved human dosage for advanced prostate cancer. The FIRMAGON label gives a 240 mg starting dose as two 120 mg injections under the skin of the abdomen, then 80 mg as one injection every 28 days, starting 28 days after the first dose.
| Human dosing established | Yes |
|---|---|
| Route | Subcutaneous |
| Frequency | Starting dose once, then every 28 days |
| Duration studied | Long-term |
| Evidence level | FDA Approved |
| Last reviewed | 2026-11-07 |
Research-reported dosing
Doses as studied, one row per regimen. Different trials used different regimens; they are listed separately rather than averaged.
| Study / context | Population | Dose | Route | Frequency | Duration | Outcome studied | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FDA label — FIRMAGON, advanced prostate cancerFDA-approved label · FDA prescribing information | Patients with advanced prostate cancer | Starting dose 240 mg as two 120 mg injections (40 mg/mL); maintenance 80 mg as one injection (20 mg/mL) | Subcutaneous, abdomen only | Maintenance every 28 days, the first 28 days after the starting dose | Long-term | Treatment of advanced prostate cancer | FIRMAGON (degarelix for injection) — FDA prescribing information (Ferring), DailyMed |
| CS21 — phase 3 trial against leuprolide (Klotz et al., 2008)Clinical trial · Phase 3 randomised open-label trial | Men with prostate adenocarcinoma needing androgen deprivation (n=610) | 240 mg start, then 80 mg or 160 mg monthly; comparator leuprolide 7.5 mg intramuscularly monthly | Subcutaneous | Monthly | 12 months | Testosterone at or below 0.5 ng/mL from day 28 to day 364 in 97.2% (240/80 mg), 98.3% (240/160 mg) and 96.4% (leuprolide); injection-site reactions 40% with degarelix against under 1% with leuprolide | Klotz L et al. The efficacy and safety of degarelix: a 12-month, comparative, randomized, open-label, parallel-group phase III study in patients with prostate cancer. BJU Int. 2008. |
Where sources disagree
- The starting and maintenance doses use different concentrations (40 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL). The label says FIRMAGON is given by a healthcare professional only.
- The label warns of hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis, QT interval prolongation with androgen deprivation therapy, and embryo-fetal toxicity.
- In the CS21 trial testosterone was at or below 0.5 ng/mL 3 days after the first dose in about 96% of men on degarelix and in none on leuprolide. FIRMAGON is labelled as a GnRH receptor antagonist; leuprolide, the comparator, is a GnRH agonist.
Sequence & molecular data
| Molecular formula | C82H103ClN18O16 |
|---|---|
| Molecular weight | 1632.3 g/mol |
| CAS number | 214766-78-6 |
| PubChem CID | 16136245 |
| FDA UNII | SX0XJI3A11 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL415606 |
| DrugBank | DB06699 |
Identifiers link to the public PubChem, FDA Substance Registration (UNII), ChEMBL and DrugBank records for the same entity.
Science
Mechanism of Action
Degarelix binds GnRH receptors on pituitary gonadotrophs competitively and reversibly, immediately blocking the receptor rather than first overstimulating it. Luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone fall within hours and testosterone follows, avoiding the testosterone flare and the tumour-symptom worsening that can accompany initiation of a GnRH agonist.
Studies
- Cambridge Neoadjuvant Cancer of the Prostate (CANCAP03): A Window Study into the Effects of Olaparib ± Degarelix in Primary Prostate Cancer
- ARNEO: A Randomized Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Degarelix with or Without Apalutamide Prior to Radical Prostatectomy for High-risk Prostate Cancer
- Cardiovascular Safety of Degarelix Versus Leuprolide in Patients With Prostate Cancer: The Primary Results of the PRONOUNCE Randomized Trial
- The efficacy and safety of degarelix: a 12-month, comparative, randomized, open-label, parallel-group phase III study in patients with prostate cancer
- Relationship between [(18)F]PSMA-1007 PET parameters and biochemical recurrence-free survival in high-risk prostate cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant hormonal treatment
Research statistics
308 PubMed publications · 50.3% human clinical research · 144 registered trials
Counts of published research through 2026-11-01, not evidence that it works. Publications by year, study types and trials · How publications are counted
Regulatory & research status
Degarelix is an FDA-approved product for specific labelled indications. Approval does not extend to the research contexts described on this page, and approved products are prescription medicines.
| FDA status | Approved |
|---|---|
| Research status | Approved product (see FDA status) |
| Availability | Prescription-Only |
| WADA (sport) | Unknown / Not Listed |
| Library classification | FDA-Approved |
How FDA approval, compounding and research-only status differ
Benefits
—
Degarelix side effects
No side effects listed yet for this entry.
Storage & stability
This compound is not supplied as a powder to be mixed, so the freeze-dried powder and reconstitution handling described for research peptides does not apply. Storage conditions are product-specific: follow the label or packaging of the product itself.
Degarelix: frequently asked questions
What is Degarelix?
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist approved for advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Unlike GnRH agonists it lowers testosterone without an initial surge.
How does Degarelix work?
Degarelix binds GnRH receptors on pituitary gonadotrophs competitively and reversibly, immediately blocking the receptor rather than first overstimulating it. Luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone fall within hours and testosterone follows, avoiding the testosterone flare and the tumour-symptom worsening that can accompany initiation of a GnRH agonist.
Is Degarelix FDA approved?
Yes. Degarelix is approved by the FDA, and approved products are prescription medicines. Approval is always for specific indications studied in clinical trials, so an approved status does not mean the compound is approved for every use it is discussed for. Research-chemical material sold under the same name is not the approved product.
What peptides are similar to Degarelix?
Compounds most often compared with Degarelix include Cetrorelix, Ganirelix, Leuprolide and Gonadorelin. They are grouped by shared mechanism or research area rather than by equivalence, and their regulatory status and evidence base differ.
References
- Cambridge Neoadjuvant Cancer of the Prostate (CANCAP03): A Window Study into the Effects of Olaparib ± Degarelix in Primary Prostate Cancer — Clin Cancer Res, 2025External reference
- ARNEO: A Randomized Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Degarelix with or Without Apalutamide Prior to Radical Prostatectomy for High-risk Prostate Cancer — Eur Urol, 2023External reference
- Cardiovascular Safety of Degarelix Versus Leuprolide in Patients With Prostate Cancer: The Primary Results of the PRONOUNCE Randomized Trial — Circulation, 2021External reference
- The efficacy and safety of degarelix: a 12-month, comparative, randomized, open-label, parallel-group phase III study in patients with prostate cancer — BJU Int, 2008External reference
- Relationship between [(18)F]PSMA-1007 PET parameters and biochemical recurrence-free survival in high-risk prostate cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant hormonal treatment — Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging, 2026External reference
Related research, comparisons & guides
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Compiled by Peptide Library Editorial · Reviewed Aug 30, 2026 · Updated Nov 7, 2026 · Version 2
This Degarelix profile is compiled from published literature (5 cited studies linked above), public regulatory records and chemical registries. It describes what research reports; it is not medical advice, and nothing here is a dosing recommendation for humans. Peptide Library does not sell peptides. Editorial policy · How profiles are compiled · Report an error
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